when measuring my vessel models, I noticed that the wall thickness deviates significantly from the nominal thickness, for example if I want to print a vessel with a wall thickness of 0.5mm , I sometimes have wall thicknesses of 0.4mm to 0.6mm.
Unfortunately, your explanation did not answer my question, so I can send you two pictures to illustrate the problem. If I want to print a wall thickness of 0,5 mm and the result varies from 0,4 mm to 0,6 mm, this is not satisfactory.
How does this deviation come about and how can the problem be solved?
You choose the labelmap spacing (in Crop volume module). For very high accuracy, you can choose labelmap spacing that is a magnitude lower than the minimum wall thickness, but it may result in prohibitively large labelmap, so you may need to choose a spacing that is just 4-6x smaller than the wall thickness.
You may have measurement error due to inspecting a cross-section that is not exactly orthogonal to the vessel centerline. You may also have error due to finite (and anisotropic) resolution of the 3D printer and minimum wall thickness limitations.
These modeling errors are rarely significant (because for example you have magnitudes larger errors due to uncertainty in patient-specific material properties in vivo), but if you need to reproduce thin walls very accurately then you can run vtkLinearExtrusionFilter with SetExtrusionTypeToNormalExtrusion option on the exported mesh. The disadvantage of this approach is that mesh may self-intersect, but if the wall is thin enough then this is usually not a serious problem.
You have two different white lines. The rectangles in the slice view are from an active, visible ROI. Set the visibility off in the Data module. You also have the bounding box enabled in the 3D viewer. You can also set that off using the little pin putton very upper left corner of your screenshot.